How to Calculate Solution Normality (N)
Calculate equivalent concentration for acid-base titrations:
Enter Molarity
Input molar concentration M (mol/L) of the reagent.
Determine Valence (n)
Count reactive H⁺ or OH⁻ ions per formula unit (e.g. H₂SO₄ has n = 2).
Calculate N = M × n
Multiply molarity M by equivalence factor n to find Normality N.
Compute Equivalent Weight
Find Equivalent Weight EW = Molar Mass / n for titration dosing.
Key Features & Titration Principles
Acid-Base & Redox Support
Supports polyprotic acids, polyacidic bases, and redox electron transfer factors.
Equivalent Weight (EW)
Calculates exact mass per gram equivalent (g/eq).
Titration Law N1V1 = N2V2
Provides fundamental equivalence values for acid-base volumetric neutralization.
Analytical Chemistry Guide: Normality (N)
Normality (N) is an equivalent concentration unit used in volumetric analysis and titration. It measures the concentration of reactive equivalents per Liter of solution:N = Molarity (M) × Valence Factor (n)
Frequently Asked Questions
?Is Normality equal to Molarity for HCl?
Yes. Because monoprotic HCl has a valence factor n = 1 (donates 1 H⁺ per molecule), 1.0 M HCl is equal to 1.0 N HCl.